Two students in your math classroom are struggling with a challenging task. After several unsuccessful attempts, you hear one of them exclaim in frustration: "I can't do this!" In this moment, where the student is feeling vulnerable, their expression of failure demonstrates a fixed mindset. Students who experience these feelings are consumed by their lack of success, imprisoned by the fear of being wrong. Researchers in one study found that students with fixed mindsets were m

Why do we feel bad when we make mistakes? For many people, young and old, mistakes bring feelings of embarrassment, fear, and even anger. We may feel judged, and in turn we see ourselves as inadequate. In our math classrooms, students are especially sensitive to errors. Many math lessons teach step-by-step procedures that must be followed to get to a single answer. In this framework, it's easy to see how errors = failure. Wait... Errors, mistakes, and failure often act as tri